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Rút gọn các biểu thức:
a) \(\sqrt {{{\left( {2 – \sqrt 3 } \right)}^2}} + \sqrt {4 – 2\sqrt 3 } ;\)
b) \(\sqrt {15 – 6\sqrt 6 } + \sqrt {33 – 12\sqrt 6 } ;\)
c) \(\left( {15\sqrt {200} – 3\sqrt {450} + 2\sqrt {50} } \right):\sqrt {10} .\)
Gợi ý làm bài
a)
\(\eqalign{
& \sqrt {{{\left( {2 – \sqrt 3 } \right)}^2}} + \sqrt {4 – 2\sqrt 3 } \cr
& = \left| {2 – \sqrt 3 } \right| + \sqrt {3 – 2\sqrt 3 + 1} \cr} \)
\(\eqalign{
& = 2 – \sqrt 3 + \sqrt {{{\left( {\sqrt 3 – 1} \right)}^2}} \cr
& = 2 – \sqrt 3 + \left| {\sqrt 3 – 1} \right| \cr} \)
\( = 2 – \sqrt 3 + \sqrt 3 – 1 = 1\)
b)
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\(\eqalign{
& \sqrt {15 – 6\sqrt 6 } + \sqrt {33 – 12\sqrt 6 } \cr
& = \sqrt {9 – 2.3\sqrt 6 + 6} + \sqrt {9 – 2.3.2\sqrt 6 + 24} \cr} \)
\(\eqalign{
& = \sqrt {{{\left( {3 – \sqrt 6 } \right)}^2}} + \sqrt {{{\left( {3 – \sqrt 6 } \right)}^2}} \cr
& = \left| {3 – \sqrt 6 } \right| + \left| {3 – 2\sqrt 6 } \right| \cr} \)
\( = 3 – \sqrt 6 + 2\sqrt 6 – 3 = \sqrt 6 \)
c)
\(\eqalign{
& \left( {15\sqrt {200} – 3\sqrt {450} + 2\sqrt {50} } \right):\sqrt {10} \cr
& = 15\sqrt {{{200} \over {10}}} – 3\sqrt {{{450} \over {10}}} + 2\sqrt {{{50} \over {10}}} \cr} \)
\(\eqalign{
& = 15\sqrt {20} – 3\sqrt {45} + 2\sqrt 5 \cr
& = 15\sqrt {4.5} – 3\sqrt {9.5} + 2\sqrt 5 \cr} \)
\(\eqalign{
& = 15.2\sqrt 5 – 3.3\sqrt 5 + 2\sqrt 5 \cr
& = 30\sqrt 5 – 9\sqrt 5 + 2\sqrt 5 = 23\sqrt 5 \cr} \)